ZXLD1100  
					DEVICE DESCRIPTION  
					The device is a PFM flyback dc-dc boost converter,  
					working in discontinuous m ode.  
					Filtered PWM operation  
					The input of an internal low pass filter is switched to  
					VREF when the EN pin is high and switched to ground  
					when the EN pin is low. The output of this filter drives  
					the com parator within the control loop. A continuous  
					high state on EN therefore provides a filtered voltage of  
					value VREF to the com parator. However, by varying the  
					duty cycle of the EN signal at a suitably high frequency  
					(f>10kHz), the control loop will see a voltage, that has  
					an average value equal to the duty cycle m ultiplied by  
					With reference to the chip block diagram and typical  
					application circuit, the operation of the device is as  
					follows:  
					Control loop  
					When 'EN' is high, the control circuits becom e active  
					and the low side of the coil (L1) is switched to ground  
					via NDMOS transistor (MN). The current in L1 is  
					allowed to build up to an internally defined level  
					(nom inally 320m A) before MN is turned off. The energy  
					stored in L1 is then transferred to the output capacitor  
					(C2) via schottky diode (D1). When the voltage on C2  
					has risen above the threshold voltage of the series  
					connected LEDs, current will flow through external  
					sense resistor R1. The voltage developed across R1 is  
					sensed at pin 'FB' and com pared to a 100m V reference  
					vo lta g e (VREF). A co m p a ra to r s e n s e s w h e n th e  
					feedback voltage is above VREF and its output is used to  
					control the 'off' tim e of the output switch. The control  
					loop is self-oscillating, producing pulses of up to 5s  
					m axim um duration (switch 'on'), at a frequency that  
					varies in proportion to the LED current. The feedback  
					loop m aintains a voltage of VREF at the FB pin and  
					therefore defines a m axim um LED current equal to VREF  
					divided by R1. The m inim um 'off' tim e of the output  
					switch is fixed at 0.5s nom inal, to allow tim e for the  
					coil's energy to be dissipated before the switch is  
					turned on again. This m aintains stable and efficient  
					operation in discontinuous m ode.  
					VREF. This provides a m eans of adjusting the output  
					current to a lower value. It also allows the device to be  
					both turned on and adjusted with a single signal at the  
					'EN' pin. The output during this m ode of operation will  
					be a dc current equal to (VREF/R1) x duty cycle  
					Gated PWM operation  
					The internal circuitry of the ZXLD1100 is turned off  
					when no signal is present on the 'EN' pin for m ore than  
					120s (nom inal). A low frequency signal applied to the  
					EN pin will therefore gate the device 'on' and 'off' at the  
					gating frequency and the duty cycle of this signal can  
					be varied to provide a 'chopped' output current equal  
					to (VREF/R1) x duty cycle. For best accuracy, the gating  
					frequency should be m ade as low as possible (e.g.  
					below 1kHz), such that the turn off delay of the chip is  
					only a sm all proportion of the gating period  
					Further details of setting output current are given in the  
					applications section under brightness control.  
					Open circuit protection  
					There is an internal avalanche diode between the  
					VSENSE and FB pins of the device. This diode, together  
					with the associated resistors provides open circuit  
					protection when the VSENSE pin is connected to the  
					o u tp u t vo lta g e . In th e e ve n t o f a n o p e n circu it  
					condition, the output voltage will rise above the  
					breakdown voltage of the internal diode, which will  
					then conduct and override the control signal from the  
					current sense resistor. This m aintains the output  
					voltage at a level below the breakdown voltage of the  
					output switch. Supply current in this condition will fall  
					to a low value as the control loop provides only the bias  
					current for the diode.  
					ISSUE 4 - J ULY 2004  
					S E M IC O N D U C T O R S  
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