YV12T25
4. PROTECTION FEATURES
4.1. INPUT UNDERVOLTAGE LOCKOUT
Input undervoltage lockout is standard with this converter. The converter will shut down when the input voltage drops below a
pre-determined voltage; it will start automatically when Vin returns to a specified range. .
4.2. OUTPUT OVERCURRENT PROTECTION (OCP)
The converter is protected against overcurrent and short circuit conditions. Upon sensing an overcurrent condition, the converter
will enter hiccup mode. Once over-load or short circuit condition is removed, Vout will return to nominal value.
4.3. OVERTEMPERATURE PROTECTION (OTP)
The converter will shut down under an overtemperature condition to protect itself from overheating caused by operation outside
the thermal derating curves, or operation in abnormal conditions such as system fan failure. After the converter has cooled to a
safe operating temperature, it will automatically restart.
4.4. SAFETY REQUIREMENTS
The converter meets North American and International safety regulatory requirements per UL60950 and EN60950. The maximum
DC voltage between any two pins is Vin under all operating conditions. Therefore, the unit has ELV (extra low voltage) output; it
meets SELV requirements under the condition that all input voltages are ELV. The converter is not internally fused. To comply with
safety agencies’ requirements, a recognized fuse with a maximum rating of 30 Amps must be used in series with the input line.
5. CHARACTERIZATION
5.1. GENERAL INFORMATION
The converter has been characterized for many operational aspects, to include thermal derating (maximum load current as a
function of ambient temperature and airflow) for vertical and horizontal mountings, efficiency, startup and shutdown parameters,
output ripple and noise, transient response to load step-change, overload, and short circuit.
The following pages contain specific plots or waveforms associated with the converter. Additional comments for specific data are
provided below.
5.2. TEST CONDITIONS
All data presented were taken with the converter soldered to a test board, specifically a 0.060” thick printed wiring board (PWB)
with four layers. The top and bottom layers were not metalized. The two inner layers, comprised of two-ounce copper, were used
to provide traces for connectivity to the converter.
The lack of metalization on the outer layers as well as the limited thermal connection ensured that heat transfer from the converter
to the PWB was minimized. This provides a worst-case but consistent scenario for thermal derating purposes.
All measurements requiring airflow were made in the vertical and horizontal wind tunnels using Infrared (IR) thermography and
thermocouples for thermometry.
Ensuring components on the converter do not exceed their ratings is important to maintaining high reliability. If one anticipates
operating the converter at or close to the maximum loads specified in the derating curves, it is prudent to check actual operating
temperatures in the application. Thermographic imaging is preferable; if this capability is not available, then thermocouples may
be used. The use of AWG #40 gauge thermocouples is recommended to ensure measurement accuracy. Careful routing of the
thermocouple leads will further minimize measurement error. Refer to Fig. D for the optimum measuring thermocouple location.
5.3. THERMAL DERATING
Load current vs. ambient temperature and airflow rates are given in Figures 13 to 16 for maximum temperature of 110 °C. Ambient
temperature was varied between 25 °C and 85 °C, with airflow rates from 30 to 400 LFM (0.15 m/s to 2.0 m/s), and vertical and
horizontal converter mountings. The airflow during the testing is parallel to the long axis of the converter.
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